Self-Management Digital Interventions for Elderly Individuals with Osteoarthritis

Abstract

Introduction:

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a prevalent degenerative joint disease affecting a significant proportion of the elderly population, leading to reduced quality of life and increased healthcare burden. Digital self-management interventions have emerged as a promising approach to support individuals with OA, potentially improving pain management, physical function, and self-efficacy. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, user satisfaction, and cost-effectiveness of digital self-management interventions for elderly individuals with OA.

Methods:

The review followed a structured methodology, including a comprehensive search of electronic databases such as PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL, focusing on interventional studies and clinical trials published in the last years up to 2022. Inclusion criteria targeted studies assessing digital interventions for OA management in individuals aged 65 years and above. A narrative synthesis approach was employed to analyze the findings, comparing them with existing literature on traditional and pharmacological interventions.

Results:

Eight studies were included, revealing varied methodologies and digital interventions, such as mobile health apps, wearable devices, and telehealth platforms. Key findings indicated a significant reduction in pain and improvement in physical function, with risk ratios ranging from 1.2 to 1.9. Increased physical activity levels and adherence to exercise regimens were noted, with a 20% higher adherence rate compared to control groups. User satisfaction was particularly high for wearable devices, with 80% reporting positive experiences. However, challenges in maintaining long-term engagement with some digital platforms were identified.

Conclusions:

Digital self-management interventions present a viable and effective approach for managing osteoarthritis in the elderly, offering potential benefits over traditional and pharmacological treatments in terms of accessibility, personalization, and user engagement. Future research should focus on enhancing long-term engagement and exploring the integration of these technologies into comprehensive care models.